Thursday, May 30, 2013

Kinesiology Taping an Ankle Sprain

ImageAnkle sprains are traditionally associated with thick white strips of rigid athletic tape but no more…kinesiology taping works wonders!
We’ve all done it. That quick twist of the ankle from stepping into rut or landing slightly off balance. It often seems like the most benign of situations.
An ankle sprain can happen very unexpectedly and become an incredible challenge to manage. Proper rehabilitation of a moderate to severe sprain can take many months and creates a susceptibility to doing it again quite easily in the future.
The foot is attached to the leg by a series of ligaments that go from the lower leg bones of the foot bones – a set on the inside ankle bone and another on the outside ankle bone. It’s our flexibility around that ankle joint that makes a sprain – or a tearing of the ligaments- quite easy to do.
While it’s possible to sprain the inside ankle, the outside ankle accounts for more than 80% of ankle sprains.
Even with mild injury, the swelling around the ankle joint can be quite impressive so icing, elevation and decompression are very important.
Kinesiology taping for decompression is a comfortable and effective way to assist with swelling in the early stages of recovery. During rehabilitation kinesiology tape provides much needed proprioceptive feedback -similar to a brace but much more comfortable.
There are 2 methods illustrated here. Try both and see if one seems to work better. There are no hard rules about using kinesiology tape.
If you haven’t reviewed the Kinesiology Taping Basics Section, please do so before getting tangled in tape. Both of these methods require good “tape handling skills”
ImageMethod #1
Begin with your ankle in a relaxed position off the end of a chair. You will be using one long sling of tape.
Start the tape on the belly of your inside calf muscle. Direct the tape across the top of the ankle and around your outside ankle bone. Keep the tape coming under the arch of your foot as you point your toes towards the ceiling within comfort levels.
The tape comes through the arch, crosses in front of the ankle and ends on the outside calf muscle. Apply little to no stretch.
Method #2
  1. Begin by pointing your toes towards the ceiling (within comfort levels).  Start the tape at the baby toe bone and pull tape across the bottom of the foot and up the through the arch.  Pull the tape tighter through the arch.
  2. Now let the foot relax so that the toes drop back down and apply the tape across the top of the foot (aiming for the outside ankle bone) without much stretch to the tape.
  3. Wrap the tape towards the Achilles and end on the front of the shin. Start with another piece of tape next to the first one and repeat.
Visit www.RockTapeCanada.com for more information about kinesiology taping in Ancaster, Ontario, Canada.
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Sunday, May 26, 2013

Kinesiology Taping the Achilles Tendon and Calf

Close to Home
This is one of my personal favorites, having experienced a nasty calf tear while playing badminton about 4 years ago! I wish I had known about kinesiology taping then!
Walking around my own sports medicine clinic, dragging my leg behind me like Kwasimoto, was certainly a humbling experience.
Without the ability to “toe-off” (or rise up to push off with each step), the only choice for forward movement is dragging the afflicted leg along the floor. After a week of leg-dragging and a month of pain, I was able to do most things “normally”.
But the saga of my calf tear holds a much more significant role for this website. It was the reason I tried kinesiology tape on myself. Even years after the original injury, I still had discomfort when I ran more than 3 kilometers. The spring my colleague sent me some kinesiology tape was precisely when I was having doubts about ever doing more than a brief jog again (and this is a hard pill to swallow for a once competent triathlete).
You can guess the results of the experiment on my calf – significant improvement in muscular endurance and comfort! Don’t misunderstand, one trial on myself was hardly enough proof to start mummifying my own patients with tape but it did start the ball rolling…or in this case, the aging doctor/athlete running!
Anatomy
The Achilles tendon is the thickest, strongest tendon of the human body and attaches the calf muscles to the heel bone. The Achilles and calf muscles also play a vital role in upright posture due to the many vibration-sensing spindles within the tissue.
Unfortunately the Achilles tendon does not have a very good blood supply, making it slow to heal once injured. And speaking of injuries…
Injuries
  • Achilles tendonitis is local inflammation of the tendon that feels stiff and sore but may also result in a lump within the tendon in longstanding cases
  • A tear may affect both the calf muscle and/or the Achilles tendon and is a partial separation of the tissue
  • An Achilles rupture is a complete separation of the tendon from the bone
Why?
The most common causes of Achilles and/or calf muscle injuries are overuse during athletic pursuits, like running, or unfamiliar strenuous activities such as painting on a ladder all weekend. Tears and ruptures are most often due to a sudden stop or change in direction (sound like anyone we know?)
Treatment
Rest, ice, compression, wearing running shoes and in the case of rupture, surgical repair (ouch!)
Achilles Tendon Kinesiology Taping
Image
*It is essential to undergo a proper medical examination prior applying tape. There are serious conditions such as blood clots that can mimic Achilles tendonitis/calf cramping!
Refer to the Kinesiology Taping Basics section for details on how to apply tape properly. For some taping applications you may need assistance from another person…this being one of them!
Technique
Measure and pre-cut the 2 pieces of tape.
1. Lie face down on a bed or couch with your foot hanging off the edge. Point your toes directly towards the floor or until you feel a comfortable stretch in the Achilles and/or calf muscle. Anchor a “stabilization” piece of tape well under your heel at mid arch. Run the tape over your heel and along your Achilles tendon ending above the belly of the calf muscle. Apply little to no stretch to tape. Relax your foot and rub down to activate tape adhesive.
2. Find the area of the most pain. Apply a “decompression” piece of tape using stretch, over the area of pain. Stretch the tape 50-75% in middle, laying down the ends with no stretch.
Calf Muscle Kinesiology Taping
Image1. Anchor the “stabilization” strip at lower calf and run it towards the back of the knee. Apply little to no stretch to tape.
2. Apply decompression tape using middle stretch, right over the area that is fatigued/painful. Stretch tape 50-75% in middle, with no stretch at ends.
Visit www.RockTapeCanada.com for more information about kinesiology taping in Ancaster, Ontario, Canada.
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Monday, May 20, 2013

Kinesiology Taping for Low Back Pain


Low back pain is a common affliction in our society affecting 80% of people at some point in their lives. 
Kinesiology taping is a superb way to improve low back problems, in particular, postural issues but also in those who are susceptible to low back muscular strain and fatigue from work and sports. 
The vast majority (95%) of low back pain is non-specific in nature and usually due to lifestyle issues that strain muscles and other soft tissues of the back. 
It is always wise to seek medical advice for persistent pain of any kind in order to rule out less common but serious conditions of the back. Several days of severe pain or worsening pain necessitates an appointment with your family doctor. 
For mechanical low back pain the prescription is quite simple:
  1. Ice any acute symptoms, especially if you recall a stressful incident that “pulled” a muscle in your back.
  2. Continue normal physical activity within the limits of comfort. Lying around is not good for the back as the lore of yesteryear might dictate.
  3. An assessment by a therapist to discover any underlying postural issues is sound advice.
  4. Regular stretching and strengthening is helpful.
Back pain is one of the areas where I have found that kinesiology taping is extremely useful – much more so than any rigid bracing- especially in those who have postural issues. 
The key is getting the patient into the corrected posture before applying the kinesiology tape. The tape acts as a gentle, tugging reminder on the skin when the patient starts to revert back to poor postural habits. 
There are several standard taping methods for low back pain but do not be afraid to experiment and start withKinesiology Taping Basics if you haven’t already done so. 
For backs, especially with larger people, the 4″ tape may be a better option than the standard 2″ tape. 
Method #1: Low back pain across the back
  1. Bend at waist. Anchor the tape just below the pant line and run two strips up to the mid-back on each side of spine. No stretch.
  2. Apply decompression tape using middle stretch, across the area of pain in lower back. Stretch tape 50%-75% in middle, no stretch in ends.
lowback1
Method #2: Low back pain along the spine
  1. Bend at the waist. Anchor the tape just below the pant line and run two stabilization strips on each side of spine. Apply little to no stretch.
  2. Resume normal standing. The tape should have wrinkles in it.
This technique may be good for general low back pain whether acute or chronic. 
lowback2
Method #3: Low back pain across the sacroiliac area
  1. Bend at waist. Apply decompression tape with middle stretch, across the area of pain in lower back. Stretch tape 50-75% in middle, with no stretch at ends.
lowbackdecompress
Visit www.RockTapeCanada.com for more information about kinesiology taping in Ancaster, Ontario, Canada.
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Monday, May 13, 2013

Kinesiology Taping for Plantar Fasciitis


Those first few excruciating steps upon getting out of bed in the morning are hallmark plantar fasciitis!
I’ve got that T-shirt! And so have 10% of the adult population. This is such a common condition that a foot specialist could run a practice just for this condition alone.
Anatomy
The plantar (sole of the foot) fascia (tissue) is a strong connective band that starts on the inside of the heel bone and spread through the arch towards the tendons of the toes. It is an important component of the arch of the foot and gives humans the spring to their step.
Any body part with an “itis” added to the end means inflammation of that part – plantar fasciitis. Often the traction of the fascia where it attaches to the heel causes calcium to be deposited, formed a “heel spur”…which sounds like an awful affliction but in reality, a spur just means the condition was coming on for quite a while before the pain.
The pain of plantar fasciitis is due to the inflammation of the tissues.
But let’s keep everything in perspective. Yes, it a startling reminder every time you go from resting to standing, and yes, it will be months and months before it goes away.
But plantar fasciitis is not life threatening and there are things you can do about it – some easy, some not so much. And the “not so much” things are mainly because people have developed lifestyle habits that are very hard to change.
The Risk Factors
Age
Well there’s not much anyone can do about aging and plantar fasciitis usually doesn’t show up until well after 30.
Gender
Women seem to be more susceptible. Shoe choices perhaps?
Types of exercise
Yes, exercise is a risk factor, in particular too much weight bearing exercise like running.
How much is too much?
Not to be glib but when you have pain, you've run too much.
I have never been one of those doctors who looks over my starchy white lab coat, stating, “you need to stop running”. Firstly, I hate those coats and ditched mine the first month of practice and secondly, runners have selective hearing. They don’t recognize the words “stop” and “running” in the same sentence.
But… all good running addicts (and I've been one) will compromise with some cross-training.
Obesity
Those with a BMI (or body mass index) over 30. Quite bluntly, those with too much weight for their height.
Occupation
Those who stand on their feet for most of the day on hard surfaces.
Biomechanical issue of the foot
Those with foot type extremes (really flat or really high arches).
A recent study concluded that the #1 risk factor for plantar fasciitis is tight calf muscles.
Treatment
  • stretching the calf muscles
  • some rest but this largely applies to the runners
  • cross training if you are a weight bearing athlete (runners, soccer, rugby, basketball player)
  • ice after long periods of standing/walking
  • comfortable, stable shoes with a slight heel (less than 2″)
  • foot orthoses if you have an extreme foot type (pancake or stork foot)
  • more stretching of the calf (did I mention that calf tightness is the #1 risk factor?)
  • kinesiology taping (review Kinesiology Taping Basics if you haven’t already done so)
Image1. Lightly stretch your arch (toe to shin). Anchor the stabilization strip at the heel and gently stretch the tape towards the ball of the foot.
2. Anchor a decompression strip on top of foot and wrap tape from outside to inside to support the arch. Some tension may be applied upwardly on inside arch, then releasing tension at the ends to limit skin irritation/adherence issues.
Visit www.RockTapeCanada.com for more information about kinesiology taping in Ancaster, Ontario, Canada.
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Monday, May 6, 2013

RockTape Ontario, Canada | Kinesiology Taping Basics


Skin Preparation

  • Skin must be clean and free from oils, lotions and moisture prior to application
  • Shave or clip long hairs that might impede adherence of tape
  • Wear clothing that allows unrestricted access to regions to be taped

Kinesiology Tape Preparation

  1. Measure tape for target tissue length
  2. Cut tape to appropriate length. Round edges to limit peeling.
  3. Tear off paper backing (1-2 inch) at one end of base
  4. Apply to skin of target tissue
  5. Place target tissue in a mildly stretched position
  6. Apply tape to the body part with a “no stretch application” to “moderate tension (25% pull)”
  7. Tape may be cut into sections to allow for proper contouring around joint lines and creases.
  8. Rub tape vigorously, once applied to skin, to activate adhesive

To avoid skin irritation, no tension should be applied on ends of tape

Removing Kinesiology Tape

  • Tape typically should remain on skin for a specific event (athletic event) or period of time, from 2-5 days
  • Edges that become lifted may be trimmed
  • Removal is best accomplished when tape is wet/moist (ie. after a shower)
  • Do not rip tape off quickly as it may irritate/tear skin
  • To remove tape safely, peel back one end while holding skin directly underneath. Remove in the direction of hair growth.

When to use kinesiology tape

  • To Reduce Performance Fatigue
  • To Improve Post-Event Recovery
  • Over Areas of Tightness
  • To Reduce Swelling/Edema
  • To improve Coordination
  • To Improve Balance

When NOT to use kinesiology tape

  • Over Open Wounds
  • With Known Adhesive Allergies
  • Over Skin Lesions
  • On Infants/Toddlers/Children (who cannot communicate)


In some cases, mild/moderate skin reactions can occur.
These reactions include: Redness, Itching, Swelling
REMOVE TAPE IMMEDIATELY


Causes of Skin Irritation include:

  • Too much stretch of the tape, in particular at the ends (there will be a specific area of irritation)
  • Leaving the tape in too long (not everyone’s skin tolerates a 5 day application)
  • Legitimate allergic reaction (the tape will cause the skin to react under the entire area of the tape)

Visit www.RockTapeCanada.com for more information about kinesiology taping in Ancaster, Ontario, Canada.

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